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Gender modality is the relationship between one's gender and the sex that they were assigned at birth.[1] For example, someone who is assigned female at birth (AFAB) and identifies as a woman has a cisgender gender modality. The term was first coined by Florence Ashley[2] in 2022 to describe the "broad category which includes being trans[gender] and being cis[gender]."[3] The term was intended to be analogous to sexual orientation and to allow "space to reflect on" the relationship between gender identity and gender assigned at birth for non-binary people, people of diverse cultural backgrounds, and people with disassociative identity disorder.[3]
The term has been applied in trans health[4] and education literature,[1] and by governments[5] and courts.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Transgender and Nonbinary Identities". www.plannedparenthood.org. Archived from the original on 2025-08-05. Retrieved 2025-08-05.
- ^ Ashley, Florence; Brightly-Brown, Shari; Rider, G. Nic (2025-08-05). "Beyond the trans/cis binary: introducing new terms will enrich gender research". Nature. 630 (8016): 293–295. doi:10.1038/d41586-024-01719-9.
- ^ a b Ashley, Florence (2022). "'Trans' is my gender modality". Trans Bodies, Trans Selves (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
- ^ Streed, Carl G; et al. (8 July 2021). "Assessing and Addressing Cardiovascular Health in People Who Are Transgender and Gender Diverse: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 144 (6): e136 – e148. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001003. PMC 8638087. PMID 34235936.
- ^ "Classification of cisgender, transgender and non-binary". Standards, Data Sources, and Classifications: Statistical Classifications. Statistics Canada. 18 October 2021. Archived from the original on 12 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ Michel v. Graydon, 2 SCR 763, 101 (SCC 2020), archived from the original.
Further reading
[edit]- Initial proposal: Ashley, Florence (2022). "'Trans' is my gender modality". Trans Bodies, Trans Selves (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
- Further discussion: Ashley, Florence; Brightly-Brown, Shari; Rider, G. Nic (June 10, 2024). "Beyond the trans/cis binary: introducing new terms will enrich gender research". Nature: 293–295. doi:10.1038/d41586-024-01719-9.
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